Copying MySQL Databases to Another Machine

2.11.13 Copying MySQL Databases to Another Machine

In cases where you need to transfer databases between different architectures, you can use mysqldump to create a file containing SQL statements. You can then transfer the file to the other machine and feed it as input to the mysql client.

Use mysqldump --help to see what options are available.

The easiest (although not the fastest) way to move a database between two machines is to run the following commands on the machine on which the database is located:

mysqladmin -h '*other_hostname*' create *db_name*
mysqldump *db_name* | mysql -h '*other_hostname*' *db_name*

If you want to copy a database from a remote machine over a slow network, you can use these commands:

mysqladmin create *db_name*
mysqldump -h '*other_hostname*' --compress *db_name* | mysql *db_name*

You can also store the dump in a file, transfer the file to the target machine, and then load the file into the database there. For example, you can dump a database to a compressed file on the source machine like this:

mysqldump --quick *db_name* | gzip > *db_name*.gz

Transfer the file containing the database contents to the target machine and run these commands there:

mysqladmin create *db_name*
gunzip < *db_name*.gz | mysql *db_name*

You can also use mysqldump and mysqlimport to transfer the database. For large tables, this is much faster than simply using mysqldump. In the following commands, DUMPDIR represents the full path name of the directory you use to store the output from mysqldump.

First, create the directory for the output files and dump the database:

mkdir *DUMPDIR*
mysqldump --tab=*DUMPDIR* *db_name*

Then transfer the files in the DUMPDIR directory to some corresponding directory on the target machine and load the files into MySQL there:

mysqladmin create *db_name*           # create database
cat *DUMPDIR*/*.sql | mysql *db_name*   # create tables in database
mysqlimport *db_name* *DUMPDIR*/*.txt   # load data into tables

Do not forget to copy the mysql database because that is where the grant tables are stored. You might have to run commands as the MySQL root user on the new machine until you have the mysql database in place.

After you import the mysql database on the new machine, execute mysqladmin flush-privileges so that the server reloads the grant table information.

Note

You can copy the .frm, .MYI, and .MYD files for MyISAM tables between different architectures that support the same floating-point format. (MySQL takes care of any byte-swapping issues.) See Section 15.2, “The MyISAM Storage Engine”.

原文链接： https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/copying-databases.html