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Android - Enable ADB from recovery

Credits to @TheOnlyAnil-@Firelord^stackoverflow

  • Requirements:

a) stock recovery + rooted phone

b) custom recovery

  • Files changed:

/system/build.prop

/data/property/persist.sys.usb.config

/data/misc/adb/adb_keys

Enable ADB (1/2): enable USB debugging

same as "Settings >> Developer Opcions >> USB debugging" ON

  • Connect the device to Mac or PC in recovery mode.
  • Now open terminal/CMD in computer and go to platform-tools/. type and enter adb devices to check if the device is connected in recovery mode.
  • Now type adb shell mount data and adb shell mount system to mount the respective directories.
  • Get the persist.sys.usb.config file in your system using adb pull /data/property/persist.sys.usb.config /Your directory
  • Now open that file in a texteditor and edit it to mtp,adb and save.
  • Now push the file back in the device; adb push /your-directory/persist.sys.usb.config /data/property
  • Get the build.prop file; adb pull /system/build.prop /your-directory
  • Add these lines: 
    persist.service.adb.enable=1                                                    
persist.service.debuggable=1
persist.sys.usb.config=mtp,adb
  • Push build.prop back into the device; adb push /your-dir/build.prop /system/

Fast way

adb shell
mount data
echo -n 'mtp,adb' > /data/property/persist.sys.usb.config

Verify options are not present before do it: adb shell "grep 'persist.service.adb.enable' /system/build.prop" 

adb shell
mount system
echo '' >> /system/build.prop
echo '# Enable ADB' >> /system/build.prop
echo 'persist.service.adb.enable=1' >> /system/build.prop 
echo 'persist.service.debuggable=1' >> /system/build.prop
echo 'persist.sys.usb.config=mtp,adb' >> /system/build.prop

Enable ADB (2/2): RSA verification

For the RSA verification that you asked to bypass, I don't know whether it would work in your device, but it worked in my little experiment. In Lollipop, the ADB keys (after authorization) are saved in /data/misc/adb/adb_keys. Your private key is saved in computer. In Linux the directory location is $HOME/.android/. On Windows that usually translates to %USERPROFILE%\.android, but keys might end up in C:\Windows\System32\config\systemprofile\.android in some cases.

adb push ~/.android/adbkey.pub /data/misc/adb/adb_keys

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